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Life Design Products and Design The Next Computer

This ten year old Macbook Air

A short comment on the incredible durability of my mid-2011 Macbook Air. I bought it shortly after its release, so it’s nearly ten years old and still going strong.

It’s on its second battery, the logic board has had to be replaced [1], and some key combos work either with only the left or only the right shift keys. It’s also the last machine with the Magsafe 1 charging port, so I guard my two chargers with my life. But it runs just fine as an everyday machine. I’ve had more go wrong with me this past decade.

Replacing the logic board led to the unfortunate loss of the serial number and therefore the capability for Mac OS to list the vintage)
The detailed hardware report correctly identifies the machine as a Macbook Air 4,2 – which is the mid-2011 model

This was my first Mac machine and a return to machines with good build quality after a three year gap. My main machine used to be an IBM Thinkpad R51 – pre-Lenovo – until it was stolen in 2008. It had excellent driver support for Linux even back then. In the interregnum I used, unhappily, a series of Dell laptops. The Mac, and Mac OS, was such an improvement that I have stuck to it since.

Speaking of Mac OS, this machine shipped with OS X Lion. It’s since run Mountain Lion, Mavericks, Yosemite, El Capitan, Sierra and High Sierra, which is the last supported OS. That is seven operating system releases over seven years. Mac OS is backwards-compatible enough that the most recent versions of almost all my everyday software runs on High Sierra (it also helps that my software needs are modest and include many open source tools).

Nearly a year ago, I wrote about Apple’s laptops:

These machines appeal to me because they’re such a terrific example of sustainability. Apple may release new laptops and revisions every year but you don’t have to buy them that often. In fact you can go five years, even ten depending on what you use your computer for. The relatively high price you pay up-front translates to many years of trouble-free use. The ‘cost per wear‘ equivalent of Apple’s laptops is extremely low.

Oldie but goodie, April 2020

My everyday machine is a mid-2012 unibody Macbook Pro I got for free as a hand-me-down, which will itself be ten years old next year. That machine is a lot more powerful than this Air, and I’ve upgraded its hardware more than once. It’s clear to me I’d have spent a lot more on Dell laptops over this last decade than I did on these two Macs, even including repairs and upgrades.

To close, no one described better than Terry Pratchett why I love my old, wonky Macbooks:

The reason that the rich were so rich, Vimes reasoned, was because they managed to spend less money.

Take boots, for example. He earned thirty-eight dollars a month plus allowances. A really good pair of leather boots cost fifty dollars. But an affordable pair of boots, which were sort of OK for a season or two and then leaked like hell when the cardboard gave out, cost about ten dollars. Those were the kind of boots Vimes always bought, and wore until the soles were so thin that he could tell where he was in Ankh-Morpork on a foggy night by the feel of the cobbles.

But the thing was that good boots lasted for years and years. A man who could afford fifty dollars had a pair of boots that’d still be keeping his feet dry in ten years’ time, while the poor man who could only afford cheap boots would have spent a hundred dollars on boots in the same time and would still have wet feet.

This was the Captain Samuel Vimes ‘Boots’ theory of socioeconomic unfairness.”

Terry Pratchett, Men at Arms: The Play

Categories
Products and Design The Next Computer

Tim Apple, an iPad and delight

Apple often talks about how its ability to meld hardware and software means there are some experiences it alone can create. I know from over a decade’s experience for this to be true, from large technological leaps to small everyday delights.

In Tim Cook’s Apple, hardware and software also meld with services.

I recently bought my parents the iPad Air (2020) from the Apple India online store, which opened in September 2020. It was delivered by a national Indian courier company, and I received an SMS from the courier when my parents accepted the delivery. But minutes later, I also received this email:

This wasn’t a paper slip inside the box with a URL (or QR code) that I’d have to scan on my phone or type on my computer or iPad. This is Apple syncing its online store, third-party delivery and customer service into a single experience that unfolded by itself.

This is true delight.

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The Next Computer

Mid-2012 unibody Macbook Pro SSD, the three-year update

In the middle of 2017, I replaced the spinning hard disk drive in a relative’s unibody pre-retina Macbook Pro with a 250GB SSD. It gave the machine a new lease of life. The machine had a 2.5GHz i5 processor and 8 GB RAM, plenty for back then – the drive was the bottleneck.

As luck would have it, I inherited this machine a couple of years ago and replaced the battery. It’s still plenty fast, and I hook it up to a 2560x1440px 25″ monitor and use it as my main Mac.

I decided to upgrade the 250 GB SSD when I began to run out of space – I store all my documents, email and music locally even if they are synced online. So I bought a 1TB Crucial SSD that came highly recommended. I followed my own guide from 2017; it only took a couple of hours because I had Time Machine backups handy. I also spent ten minutes of that time gently cleaning away accumulated dust from the internal fan.

In parallel, I bought a case for the old 250GB SSD, which I now use as a USB 3.0 external disk both with this Mac and my iPad Pro. It’s super-light and has no moving parts and I have no concerns tossing it into a bag.

Now I’m considering doubling the RAM. The model officially supports the current installed 8GB, but it’s been commonly upgraded to 16GB.

This sort of upgradability is remarkable because you can no longer do this with newer Macbooks or most laptops. Since upgradability and repairability are two sides of the same coin, it’s also a question of how effectively affordable your machine is.

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The Next Computer

iPhone home screen, January 2021 – widgets only

(Previously:August, September, October, November, December home screens)

In December, I described how I’d gotten rid of all home screens other than the one minimum that iOS requires – the new App Library and the Siri suggestions dropdown are all you need to locate your app quickly. I’d described it as a post-home-screen world

I found that this worked well for me so I doubled down on it. Here’s what my iPhone looks like today:

Since I don’t need any app icons on the lone home screen, I’ve decided to simply use it for widgets, new in iOS.

Some of the widgets are from December: the excellent Fantastical full-width widget, the multi-city clock one, the weather widget. And I’ve now added widgets for shortcuts – the two that I use the most. They’re unnecessarily large tap targets, but faster than tapping Launch Center Pro (bottom right in the Dock) and then selecting the Shortcut, which is how I have invoked them for years.

I also like that the icons in the App Library adjust as you use them, both the ‘Suggested’ group at the top left and the category-wise ones. It’s intelligence at work, but silently.

The app icon grid has been an iOS staple since the original iPhone OS. That’s completely changed for me – let’s see how long I stick with this.

Categories
Products and Design The Next Computer

An alternative future where we could Ship-of-Theseus our laptops

Today at someone’s place I came across a laptop that represented an alternative future: one where manufacturers didn’t relentlessly choose size and weight over extendability. Where a portable machine – just like an assembled desktop – could be upgraded over time instead of having to buy an entirely new one.

This is the Dell Inspiron 14R N4110 from 2011, which runs Windows 7 just fine.

In return for having to lug around over two kilos, you get a DVD read/write drive, three USB ports, two of them USB 3.0, an ethernet port, a VGA port, an HDMI port, an SD card slot, an eSATA port, and audio in and out – and a Kensington lock slot.

Plus, you get a removable battery, a user-accessible slot to pop RAM modules in and out to expand RAM (although only up to 8GB), the ability to replace not just the hard drive with an SSD, not just the display with a higher-resolution one, but also the processor itself!

In fact, Dell itself published a detailed manual [PDF] for laptop owners to access – in addition to the RAM, display, processor and battery – the optical drive, the keyboard, the wireless card, the bluetooth card, the motherboard, the speakers, camera, I/O board, AC adapter and even the coin-cell battery that the boards use to keep internal time. With all this, you could not just use the laptop for well over a decade, but keep it current over that time, simply by upgrading the components that became bottlenecks, or that wore out.

Granted, our laptops would be a lot thicker than the iPad Pro:

In this alternate future, Dell and its ilk would be component manufacturers more than laptop manufacturers – and it’d be a lot more exciting because we’d see a large variety in such components.

I imagine that in this future’s 2020, people forced to work from home who suddenly wanted a better webcam could buy an high-resolution one from Dell and plug it into their laptop’s display. Maybe there’d be a choice of lenses. Instead, our only choices are to either buy an external webcam, becoming one more accessory and cable to carry, or buy a whole new laptop. In that universe, as things improved in the coming years and people began working from a variety of remote places instead of returning to offices, they’d buy larger batteries from Dell – all for the same laptop.

Today we have laptops that are ever-lighter, with some improvement in battery life than in 2011, when the Dell in question was first manufactured. But we have lost nearly all repairability and upgradability. With minimal ports, we have lost a lot of extensibility, unless we buy even more adapters and dongles and cables. We’re turning our computers into appliances and, like appliances, replacing them instead of repairing them – because we can’t.

Categories
Products and Design The Next Computer

Commitment to principles

I wish that I could buy hardware as well made as Apple’s from anyone else, for any amount of money. To be clear, I don’t mean “brushed aluminum” or “sub-micron tolerances” or “retina screens are made of love”, though those are all nice enough; I mean “committed.” To a set of values, of principles, an aesthetic. To something. Apple’s hardware is extraordinarily well-executed design-in-depth in service of a set of principles I fundamentally disagree with and a vision I don’t share. But I don’t know of anyone else making hardware who is that committed to level of execution, to understanding their own values and expressing them through the design and function of their products. I don’t care about “thin” or “light” at all, but far as I can tell I can’t buy hardware built with a comparable commitment to resilience, maintainability or experimentation from anyone, anywhere. 

– Mike Hoye, The Setup, 2019
Categories
Life Design The Next Computer Wellness when Always-On

Screening relationships

via Shweta.

Maintaining an extended simulacrum of reality is hard when mediated through today’s state of the art video-conferencing technology:

Even some people whose values still align with those of their friends have found their relationships suffering during the pandemic.

The reason for their drift is not rooted in ideological differences, but rather distance.

While video calls over Zoom or Facetime have helped, many have said that after spending most of the year staring at a screen, they’ve had enough.

The pandemic has destroyed friendships and divided families

Amidst the talk of work forever being altered by the pandemic and of the dawn of the remote work age, it’s worth acknowledging that the relationships built in the real world are going to be tough to maintain through screens and phone calls. That the relationships formed in the remote world are likely to be different – not necessarily better or worse, but different – from those in the real world.

Categories
Data Custody Privacy and Anonymity Products and Design The Next Computer

The tradeoff between security and liberty

The tradeoff between security and liberty often comes up in the USA. The context is usually infringement of civil rights vs the threat of terrorism. This tradeoff is seen in an entirely different context when Apple’s approach to data security on its newer Mac computers.

For the last four years or so, most Mac machines have had their disks encrypted in hardware:

Mac computers that have the Apple T2 Security Chip integrate security into both software and hardware to provide encrypted-storage capabilities. Data on the built-in, solid-state drive (SSD) is encrypted using a hardware-accelerated AES engine built into the T2 chip. This encryption is performed with 256-bit keys tied to a unique identifier within the T2 chip… The advanced encryption technology integrated into the T2 chip provides line-speed encryption

Another Apple document goes into more detail:

On Mac computers with the Apple T2 Security Chip, encrypted internal storage devices directly connected to the T2 chip leverage the hardware security capabilities of the chip. After a user turns on FileVault on a Mac, their credentials are required during the boot process… Without valid login credentials or a cryptographic recovery key, the internal APFS volume… remains encrypted and is protected from unauthorized access even if the physical storage device is removed and connected to another computer… all FileVault key handling occurs in the Secure Enclave; encryption keys are never directly exposed to the Intel CPU

But. To accomplish this, the hard drive must be soldered on to the same board that the T2 chip is. The same Apple doc clarifies:

Encryption of removable storage devices doesn’t utilize the security capabilities of the Apple T2 Security Chip, and its encryption is performed in the same manner as Mac computers without the T2 chip.

Which means that when you buy a computer with such a T2 chip, you get the benefit of high-grade default-on encryption at nearly zero overhead, but at the cost of never being able to upgrade your hard drive size for the lifetime of the device.

In addition, replacements to other components must be verified by running a tool whose distribution Apple closely controls:

… the T2 chip could render a computer inoperable if, say, the logic board is replaced, unless the chip recognizes a special piece of diagnostic software has been run. That means if you wanted to repair certain key parts of your MacBook, iMac, or Mac mini, you would need to go to an official Apple Store or a repair shop that’s part of the company’s Authorized Service Provider (ASP) network…

For Macs with the Apple T2 chip, the repair process is not complete for certain parts replacements until the AST 2 System Configuration suite has been run. Failure to perform this step will result in an inoperative system and an incomplete repair.

I see Apple’s gravitational pull make privacy more widely discussed than otherwise, causing other major tech companies to pay at least lip service to it. In the next few years, I think we will see new companies emerge that take a bold privacy-first stand because of Apple’s position on this. We’ve already seen Apple, Cloudflare and Fastly collaborate on a new privacy-oriented enhancement to an already privacy-oriented DNS lookup standard.

However, it increasingly seems that in its own ecosystem, Apple’s making it clearer than ever that the cost of this security is inherently going to be near-zero freedom to customise, repair or upgrade your hardware.

Categories
Life Design The Next Computer Wellness when Always-On

Sitting

In an article on attention, this bit about physical strength:

“The damage done by sitting 8+ hours a day is underrated. You need a way to offset this damage, especially if you plan to work in this field for decades.”

– Attention Is My Most Valuable Asset for Productivity as a Software Developer

There are enough studies about the ills of sitting for extended periods of time that are a quick search away. We have also seen earlier this year how I use the Fitbit wearable device’s hourly reminder to get 250 steps in as a guard against sitting for too long.

But in terms of exercise, I have seen the most payoff from simply strengthening my core. A strong core means better posture, which means less slouching, which means less strain on your back. It means less tension on your shoulders as you use your keyboard and trackpad. And because you’re sitting straighter, it means you breathe better – coming full circle to attention. Strengthening a single area has significantly improved how tired and unfocused I feel by the time I wind up work.


(Featured Image Photo Credit: Anthony Riera/Unsplash)

Categories
The Next Computer Wellness when Always-On

Lite services

In the Hapi app, you type in whatever subject matter you want to talk about, and then you’re connected with a vetted and trained active listener within a few minutes. The listeners are mainly former volunteers at crisis helplines or psychology students who study mental health, all of whom are screened about their interest in helping others.

Hapi, exists for the sole purpose of letting you vent your worries anonymously to an active listener… some people are intimidated to book a therapist appointment. Using Hapi works as a way to dip your toes into what it feels like speaking to someone else about your stresses… As genuine as their intensions are, your loved ones often can’t be objective listeners

– I Tried An App That Let Me Vent To Strangers For A Week

It reminds me so much of the Someone To Talk To lightweight chat service I’d considered building. A lightweight, affordable version of an otherwise high-commitment service, one that does not over-promise with technology.

Lite services thrive in areas where the choice is between nothing or full-fledged high-cost professional services. In a totally different domain, the recent explosion in stock-buying and stock-trading apps like Robinhood is an example of this.